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Alchemy is the term most scholars use to refer to Daoist practices aimed at attaining “immortality.” Some of the most intriguing and counterintuitive of these practices involved a practitioner’s intentionally killing the body (usually by ingesting a poisonous compound) to attain “immortal” life. Daoists often speak of such alchemical deaths as shijie (liberation from the corpse). Most scholars agree that the idea developed in Daoist tradition as a way of explaining the physical death required as part of the transformation into an “immortal.” The theoretical basis for the practice of “alchemical suicide” is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs concerning QI, the “soul(s),” and the afterlife. In traditional Chinese thought, all of reality is made up of different sorts of qi. In terms of human existence, this qi forms not only the body but also a person’s two “souls”—the hun and the po. At some point after physical death, the two “souls” separate, with the hun returning to its heavenly place of origin and the po remaining on Earth in the vicinity of the corpse. (175字)

八月萧关道

炼丹术是许多学者用来指追求“永生”的道教活动的术语。这些活动中最耐人寻味、最违背常理的，就是道士们通过伤害身体（常常是通过摄入有毒化合物）以长生不死。道教中经常提到诸如“尸解”（遗弃肉体而仙去）之类的死亡。大多数学者都认同，这个观点是从道教传统中发展出来的，它是一种解释死亡的方式，是转而永生的一部分。“炼丹自杀”根植于中国古代所信仰的气，灵魂，和来生。在中国传统思想中，一切现实都是由各种各样的气组成的。就人类的存在而言，这种气不仅仅构成人的形体，也构成了人的“魂”和“魄”。在肉体死亡之后的某个时刻，二者分离，魂归于天，而魄则留在了肉体附近。

与君同醉

译文很通顺。

Alchemy is the term most scholars use to refer to Daoist practices aimed at attaining “immortality.”
炼丹术是许多学者用来指追求“永生”的道教活动的术语。
Some of the most intriguing and counterintuitive of these practices involved a practitioner’s intentionally killing the body (usually by ingesting a poisonous compound) to attain “immortal” life.
这些活动中最耐人寻味、最违背常理的，就是道士们通过伤害身体（常常是通过摄入有毒化合物）以长生不死。（好）
Daoists often speak of such alchemical deaths as shijie (liberation from the corpse).
道教中经常提到诸如“尸解”（遗弃肉体而仙去）之类的死亡。（漏译）
建议：道教中经常提到诸如“尸解”（遗弃肉体而仙去）之类的因服食丹药造成的死亡。
Most scholars agree that the idea developed in Daoist tradition as a way of explaining the physical death required as part of the transformation into an “immortal.”
大多数学者都认同，这个观点是从道教传统中发展出来的，它是一种解释死亡的方式，是转而永生的一部分。（好）
The theoretical basis for the practice of “alchemical suicide” is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs concerning QI, the “soul(s),” and the afterlife.
“炼丹自杀”根植于中国古代所信仰的气，灵魂，和来生。（好）
In traditional Chinese thought, all of reality is made up of different sorts of qi. In terms of human existence, this qi forms not only the body but also a person’s two “souls”—the hun and the po.
在中国传统思想中，一切现实都是由各种各样的气组成的。就人类的存在而言，这种气不仅仅构成人的形体，也构成了人的“魂”和“魄”。（好）
At some point after physical death, the two “souls” separate, with the hun returning to its heavenly place of origin and the po remaining on Earth in the vicinity of the corpse.
在肉体死亡之后的某个时刻，二者分离，魂归于天，而魄则留在了肉体附近。（漏译）
建议：……魂归于天，它的来处；而魄则存于世，留在肉体附近。